20th century questions

Siqueiros was one of the most important muralists of his time. Although Siqueiros and Trótskiy were initially friends, soon they grew apart due to Siqueiros' loyalty to Stalin. The painter banded with an extremist communist group and tried to assassinate Trótskiy in his own house in Mexico City.

Bricha was the underground organized effort that helped Jewish Holocaust survivors escape post–World War II Europe to the British Mandate for Palestine in violation of the White Paper of 1939. It ended when Israel declared independence and annulled the White Paper. After the Kielce pogrom of 1946, the flight of Jews accelerated, with 100,000 Jews leaving Eastern Europe in three months.

Jaime Ramón Mercader del Río (1913-1978), more commonly known as Ramón Mercader, was a Spanish communist and NKVD agent who assassinated Leon Trotsky, the renowned Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, in Mexico City in August 1940. He served 20 years in a Mexican prison for the murder.

The first woman in space, Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova, flew in 1963. Space flight programs were slow to employ women, and only began to include them from the 1980s. Most women in space have been United States citizens, with missions on the Space Shuttle and on the International Space Station.

Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov (1940- 2006) was a Turkmen politician who served as the leader of Turkmenistan from 1985 until his death in 2006. He was First Secretary of the Turkmen Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov (1940- 2006) was a Turkmen politician who served as the leader of Turkmenistan from 1985 until his death in 2006. His self-given title Türkmenbaşy, meaning Head of the Turkmen, referred to his position as the founder and president of the Association of Turkmens of the World. In his time, he was one of the world's most totalitarian, despotic and repressive dictators.

The Brutalism, is an architectural style which emerged in the mid-20th century and gained popularity in the late 1950s and 1960s. It is characterized by simple, block-like structures that often feature bare building materials. Exposed concrete is favored in construction, however some examples are primarily made of brick. Though beginning in Europe, Brutalist architecture can now be found around the world. The style has been most commonly used in the design of institutional buildings such as libraries, courts, public housing and city halls.

The Gulag was the government agency in charge of the Soviet forced-labor camp-system that was set up under Vladimir Lenin and reached its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the early 1950s. The camps housed a wide range of convicts, from petty criminals to political prisoners. The Gulag is recognized by many as a major instrument of political repression in the Soviet Union.

Wilhelm delivered this speech in Bremerhaven on 27 July 1900, addressing German troops who were departing to suppress the Boxer rebellion in China. During the First World War, it was used by British propaganda - the Huns name refers to the Germans' name given to Germans by the British.

The tora of the title is the two-syllable Japanese codeword used to indicate that complete surprise had been achieved. It is a coincidence that tora also means "tiger" The attack commenced at 7:48 a.m. Hawaiian Time . The base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft in two waves, launched from six aircraft carriers. All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four sunk.

George Catlett Marshall Jr. (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American statesman and soldier. He rose through the United States Army to become Chief of Staff under presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, then served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman.